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PFDA

Quoted values stay tied to the cited study. Empty sections are gaps.

92 source-reported values from 24 filed studies. Values are shown as printed in each source, with the basis and page. Studies differ in samples, methods and limits, so values are not directly comparable. Measured samples do not represent every product on the market.

Identity

Perfluorodecanoic acid. Terminology authority. This citation supports the label only.

TODO: verify the applicable chemical form and identifier before populating a CAS field. Class and aggregate measurement pages require a scope definition rather than an assumed substance identifier.

Occurrence evidence

productvalueunitbasissource locationsource
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)100%µg/kg f.w.Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; detection frequencyPDF p.9, Table 5, PFDA row, Perch Detection Frequency columnPFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)0.50µg/kg f.w.Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; meanPDF p.9, Table 5, PFDA row, Perch Mean columnPFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)1.6µg/kg f.w.Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; maximumPDF p.9, Table 5, PFDA row, Perch Max columnPFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea
Seafood0.07 ± 0.02ng/gFish cake, untreated control, Korea; mean ± SDPDF p.5, Table 2, PFDA row, Control columnReduction of perfluorinated compound content in fish cake and swimming crab by different cooking methods
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)0.74 (0.07-2.39)µg/kgCoregonus wartmanni fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 20); average (min-max)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Coregonus wartmanni Av (min-max) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)95%µg/kgCoregonus wartmanni fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 20); frequency of positives above LOQPDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Coregonus wartmanni F (%) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)0.37 (0.09-1.52)µg/kgCyprinus carpio fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); average (min-max)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Cyprinus carpio Av (min-max) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)100%µg/kgCyprinus carpio fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); frequency of positives above LOQPDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Cyprinus carpio F (%) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)0.02 (0.01-0.04)µg/kgOncorhynchus mykiss fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); average (min-max)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Oncorhynchus mykiss Av (min-max) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)64%µg/kgOncorhynchus mykiss fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); frequency of positives above LOQPDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Oncorhynchus mykiss F (%) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)1.43 (0.04-4.60)µg/kgPerca fluviatilis fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 38); average (min-max)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Perca fluviatilis Av (min-max) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)79%µg/kgPerca fluviatilis fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 38); frequency of positives above LOQPDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Perca fluviatilis F (%) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)0.50 (0.02-1.56)µg/kgSqualius cephalus fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 7); average (min-max)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Squalius cephalus Av (min-max) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)57%µg/kgSqualius cephalus fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 7); frequency of positives above LOQPDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Squalius cephalus F (%) columnDetermination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes
Breast milk21pg/mLMother's milk, Shanghai (n = 10); averagePDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFDA row, Shanghai Conc. columnEmerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China
Breast milk<10-42pg/mLMother's milk, Shanghai (n = 10); rangePDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFDA row, Shanghai range in parentheses columnEmerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China
Breast milk64pg/mLMother's milk, Jiaxing (n = 10); averagePDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFDA row, Jiaxing Conc. columnEmerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China
Breast milk15-139pg/mLMother's milk, Jiaxing (n = 10); rangePDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFDA row, Jiaxing range in parentheses columnEmerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China
Breast milk47pg/mLMother's milk, Shaoxing (n = 10); averagePDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFDA row, Shaoxing Conc. columnEmerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China
Breast milk<10-106pg/mLMother's milk, Shaoxing (n = 10); rangePDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFDA row, Shaoxing range in parentheses columnEmerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China
Breast milk<10pg/mLMother's milk, Stockholm (n = 10); averagePDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFDA row, Stockholm Conc. columnEmerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China
Breast milk<10-15pg/mLMother's milk, Stockholm (n = 10); rangePDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFDA row, Stockholm range in parentheses columnEmerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China
Liquid milk, cowNDµg/kgCow bulk milk; farm F12PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria
Liquid milk, cowNDµg/kgCow bulk milk; farm F13PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria
Liquid milk, cowNDµg/kgCow bulk milk; farm F15PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria
Liquid milk, cowNDµg/kgCow bulk milk; farm F19PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria
Liquid milk, cowNDµg/kgCow bulk milk; farm F20PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria
Liquid milk, cowNDµg/kgCow bulk milk; farm F27PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria
Liquid milk, cowNDµg/kgCow bulk milk; farm F36PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria
Cereal grains5.12ng/g w.w.Rice, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Rice row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Cereal grains2.21ng/g w.w.Flour, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Flour row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Meat and poultry3.63ng/g w.w.Pork, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Pork row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Meat and poultry3.70ng/g w.w.Beef, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Beef row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Meat and poultry3.35ng/g w.w.Chicken, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Chicken row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Meat and poultry26.5ng/g w.w.Liver, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Liver row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Seafood8.55ng/g w.w.Salmon, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Salmon row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Seafood10.5ng/g w.w.Oyster, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Oyster row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Seafood7.36ng/g w.w.Shrimp, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Shrimp row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Seafood7.05ng/g w.w.Clam, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Clam row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Seafood7.84ng/g w.w.Squid, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Squid row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout)7.59ng/g w.w.Grass Carp, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Grass Carp row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Eggs23.1ng/g w.w.Egg, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Egg row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Liquid milk, cow1.53ng/mLMilk, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); medianPDF p.5, Table 2, Milk row, PFDA row, PFDA median columnConcentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women
Bottled drinking water (purified, spring, artesian)0.07ng/Lbottled-water mean as printed; non-detect mean retained literallyPDF p. 8, Table 1, Bottled Water MeanUnregulated and Regulated PFASs in Bottled and Tap Water: Occurrence, Co-Occurrence Patterns, and Implications for Human Health and Regulatory Frameworks
Liquid milk, cowN.D.pg g−1Raw cow milk fraction Skimmed; mean ± SDPDF p.6 Table 2First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction
Liquid milk, cowN.D.pg g−1Raw cow milk fraction Cream; mean ± SDPDF p.6 Table 2First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction
Liquid milk, cowN.D.pg g−1Raw cow milk fraction Whole Milk; mean ± SDPDF p.6 Table 2First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction
Tap drinking water0.10ng/Ldrinking-water sample D1PDF p3, Table 1, D1 rowPresence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands
Tap drinking water0.06ng/Ldrinking-water sample D2PDF p3, Table 1, D2 rowPresence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands
Tap drinking water<0.03ng/Ldrinking-water sample D3PDF p3, Table 1, D3 rowPresence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands
Tap drinking water<0.03ng/Ldrinking-water sample D4PDF p3, Table 1, D4 rowPresence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands
Tap drinking water<0.03ng/Ldrinking-water sample D5PDF p3, Table 1, D5 rowPresence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands
Tap drinking water<0.03ng/Ldrinking-water sample D6PDF p3, Table 1, D6 rowPresence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands
Tap drinking water0.22 (0.19, 0.94)ng/Lmedian (IQR), detected archived tap-water samples onlyPDF p3, Table 2, PFDATap Water Contributions to Plasma Concentrations of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in a Nationwide Prospective Cohort of U.S. Women
Tap drinking water<LOQng/Lunfiltered tap water; median [min, max] among quantifiable results or printed <LOQPDF p3, Table 2, unfiltered tap-water columnConcentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in paired tap water and blood samples during pregnancy
Tap drinking water0.14 [0.03, 0.3]ng/Lsurface-water-derived produced drinking water; median [min, max], including source censoring treatmentPDF p5, Table 2, surface-water-derived drinking-water columnOccurrence, Fate, and Related Health Risks of PFAS in Raw and Produced Drinking Water
Tap drinking water0.08 [0.03, 0.28]ng/Lgroundwater-derived produced drinking water; median [min, max], including source censoring treatmentPDF p5, Table 2, groundwater-derived drinking-water columnOccurrence, Fate, and Related Health Risks of PFAS in Raw and Produced Drinking Water
Tap drinking water0.2ng/Ldrinking-water application samples; content range or single reported valuePDF p12, Table 5, Drinking water Content columnDetermination of 51 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in raw water and drinking water by online solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Breast milkn.d.-8.7ng/LBreast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); rangePDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFDA row, follow-up range columnPersistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016
Breast milkn.d.ng/LBreast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); medianPDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFDA row, follow-up median columnPersistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016
Breast milk4.6ng/LBreast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); 95th percentilePDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFDA row, follow-up P95 columnPersistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016
Carpet cleaners0%German consumer products, Cleaner samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detectedPDF p.7, Table 3, PFDA row, Cleaner columnPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products
Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear100%German consumer products, Outdoor samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detectedPDF p.7, Table 3, PFDA row, Outdoor columnPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products
Carpet cleaners20%German consumer products, Carpet samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detectedPDF p.7, Table 3, PFDA row, Carpet columnPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products
Bottled drinking water (purified, spring, artesian)0.5ng/Lone quantified natural-mineral bottled-water samplePDF p. 10 (56545), Occurrence in bottled water samplesOccurrence and health risk assessment of PFAS and possible precursors: a case study in a drinking water treatment plant and bottled water (south Catalonia, Spain)
Liquid milk, cow0.0021µg/kgCow milk; source table meanPDF p.5 Tables 1 to 2Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in cow’s, goat’s and sheep’s milk - dietary intake and risk assessment
Liquid milk, cow0.0021µg/kgCow milk; source table medianPDF p.5 Tables 1 to 2Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in cow’s, goat’s and sheep’s milk - dietary intake and risk assessment
Liquid milk, cow<LOQ-0.0021µg/kgCow milk; source table rangePDF p.5 Tables 1 to 2Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in cow’s, goat’s and sheep’s milk - dietary intake and risk assessment
Eggs<LOQµg/kgChickens eggs; source table meanPDF p.4 Tables 2 to 3; LOQs p.3 Table 1Chickens’ eggs and the livers of farm animals as sources of perfluoroalkyl substances
Children's products89µg/m²Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); detection frequency (%)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, DF (%) columnStuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment
Children's products0.07µg/m²Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); mean migration (as reported)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Mean [μg/m²] columnStuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment
Children's products<LOQ - 0.10µg/m²Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); range of migrationPDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Range [μg/m²] columnStuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment
Infant Formula5/20 (25)count (%)Infant formula; FrequencyPDF p.9 Table 1Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
Infant Formula0.01 ± 0.001ng/g dry weightInfant formula; Mean ± SDPDF p.9 Table 1Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
Infant Formula0.01ng/g dry weightInfant formula; MedianPDF p.9 Table 1Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
Infant Formula0.009-0.011ng/g dry weightInfant formula; Min-MaxPDF p.9 Table 1Study of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Infant Formulas and Baby Bottles: Data from the European LIFE-MILCH PROJECT
Children's products4.9% (3/61)%Children's and bedding textile products, US (n = 61, targeted analysis); detection frequency (detected/analyzed)PDF p.5, Table 3, PFDA row, targeted, number of detections columnHow Well Do Product Labels Indicate the Presence of PFAS in Consumer Items Used by Children and Adolescents?
Children's products11.8ng/gsame; maximumPDF p.5, Table 3, PFDA row, targeted, maximum concentration (ng/g) columnHow Well Do Product Labels Indicate the Presence of PFAS in Consumer Items Used by Children and Adolescents?
Children's products0.108ng/cm2same; maximumPDF p.5, Table 3, PFDA row, targeted, maximum concentration (ng/cm2) columnHow Well Do Product Labels Indicate the Presence of PFAS in Consumer Items Used by Children and Adolescents?
Bottled drinking water (purified, spring, artesian)0.07ng/Lbottled-water mean based on detections above MDL; ND literalPDF p. 4 (4398), Table 1 bottled-water mean and footnotes a/fTap vs Bottled: Assessing PFAS Levels and Exposure Risks in Singapore’s Drinking Water
Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear24.0ng/gChildren's products, China, School uniform (n = 25); detection frequency (%)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, School uniform DF columnPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms
Textiles, apparel and outdoor gearND-0.397ng/gChildren's products, China, School uniform (n = 25); rangePDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, School uniform Range columnPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms
Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear87.5ng/gChildren's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); detection frequency (%)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Outdoor wear DF columnPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms
Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear0.277ng/gChildren's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); median (non-detects set to 1/2 MDL)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Outdoor wear Median columnPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms
Textiles, apparel and outdoor gearND-1.79ng/gChildren's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); rangePDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Outdoor wear Range columnPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms
Children's products43.8ng/gChildren's products, China, Miscellaneous (n = 16); detection frequency (%)PDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Miscellaneous DF columnPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms
Children's productsND-0.967ng/gChildren's products, China, Miscellaneous (n = 16); rangePDF p.5, Table 1, PFDA row, Miscellaneous Range columnPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms
Breast milk99.2ng/LHuman milk, China (n = 1,151); detection rate (%)PDF p.6, Table 2, PFDA row, DR (%) columnEmerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications
Breast milk<LOQng/LHuman milk, China (n = 1,151); minimumPDF p.6, Table 2, PFDA row, Min columnEmerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications
Breast milk8.721ng/LHuman milk, China (n = 1,151); medianPDF p.6, Table 2, PFDA row, 50th columnEmerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications
Breast milk59.24ng/LHuman milk, China (n = 1,151); 95th percentilePDF p.6, Table 2, PFDA row, 95th columnEmerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications
Breast milk798.3ng/LHuman milk, China (n = 1,151); maximumPDF p.6, Table 2, PFDA row, Max columnEmerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications

Analytical methods

Regulatory references

Sources

Analytes · Methodology

References

Sources explicitly cited in this page's body.