| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 23% | µg/kg f.w. | Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; detection frequency | PDF p.9, Table 5, PFHxS row, Perch Detection Frequency column | PFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.03 | µg/kg f.w. | Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; mean | PDF p.9, Table 5, PFHxS row, Perch Mean column | PFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.10 | µg/kg f.w. | Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; maximum | PDF p.9, Table 5, PFHxS row, Perch Max column | PFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea |
| Seafood | 0.06 ± 0.03 | ng/g | Fish cake, untreated control, Korea; mean ± SD | PDF p.5, Table 2, PFHxS row, Control column | Reduction of perfluorinated compound content in fish cake and swimming crab by different cooking methods |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 5.07 (0.02-16.10) | µg/kg | Coregonus wartmanni fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 20); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Coregonus wartmanni Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 60% | µg/kg | Coregonus wartmanni fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 20); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Coregonus wartmanni F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 1.56 (0.06-14.63) | µg/kg | Cyprinus carpio fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Cyprinus carpio Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 100% | µg/kg | Cyprinus carpio fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Cyprinus carpio F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.44 (0.04-1.74) | µg/kg | Oncorhynchus mykiss fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Oncorhynchus mykiss Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 80% | µg/kg | Oncorhynchus mykiss fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Oncorhynchus mykiss F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.46 (0.10-1.55) | µg/kg | Perca fluviatilis fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 38); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Perca fluviatilis Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 47% | µg/kg | Perca fluviatilis fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 38); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Perca fluviatilis F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.60 (0.2-1.26) | µg/kg | Squalius cephalus fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 7); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Squalius cephalus Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 71% | µg/kg | Squalius cephalus fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 7); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Squalius cephalus F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Eggs | 0.054 | μg/kg wet weight | Backyard chicken eggs; Mean | PDF p.9 Table 2; censoring p.5 | Citizen-science data reveal drivers of PFAS variability in backyard chicken eggs |
| Eggs | 0.0157 | μg/kg wet weight | Backyard chicken eggs; SE | PDF p.9 Table 2; censoring p.5 | Citizen-science data reveal drivers of PFAS variability in backyard chicken eggs |
| Eggs | 0.000 | μg/kg wet weight | Backyard chicken eggs; Median | PDF p.9 Table 2; censoring p.5 | Citizen-science data reveal drivers of PFAS variability in backyard chicken eggs |
| Eggs | 11.90 | μg/kg wet weight | Backyard chicken eggs; Maximum | PDF p.9 Table 2; censoring p.5 | Citizen-science data reveal drivers of PFAS variability in backyard chicken eggs |
| Breast milk | 8 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Shanghai (n = 10); average | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFHxS row, Shanghai Conc. column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | <4-18 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Shanghai (n = 10); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFHxS row, Shanghai range in parentheses column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 13 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Jiaxing (n = 10); average | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFHxS row, Jiaxing Conc. column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 5-19 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Jiaxing (n = 10); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFHxS row, Jiaxing range in parentheses column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 3 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Shaoxing (n = 10); average | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFHxS row, Shaoxing Conc. column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | <4-4 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Shaoxing (n = 10); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFHxS row, Shaoxing range in parentheses column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 7 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Stockholm (n = 10); average | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFHxS row, Stockholm Conc. column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | <4-13 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Stockholm (n = 10); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFHxS row, Stockholm range in parentheses column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Eggs | 0.0035 ± 0.015 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group A1; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.0049 ± 0.023 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group A2; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.0022 ± 0.01 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group A3; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.0059 ± 0.019 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group B1; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | nd | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group B2; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | nd | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group B3; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | nd | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group C1; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | nd | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group C2/C3; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.0014 ± 0.0061 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group D; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.002 ± 0.010; 0.026 ± 0.005 | µg/kg | Cage eggs; mean ± SD; LB then UB where two entries | PDF p.12 Table 3; limits p.9 Table 2 | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Levels in Commercial and Home-Produced Eggs in Croatia |
| Eggs | 0.050; <LOQ | µg/kg | Barn eggs; mean ± SD; LB then UB where two entries | PDF p.12 Table 3; limits p.9 Table 2 | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Levels in Commercial and Home-Produced Eggs in Croatia |
| Eggs | <LOQ | µg/kg | Organic eggs; mean ± SD; LB then UB where two entries | PDF p.12 Table 3; limits p.9 Table 2 | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Levels in Commercial and Home-Produced Eggs in Croatia |
| Meat and poultry | 0.12 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFHxS row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 0.02 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFHxS row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 2.30 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFHxS row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 2.41 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFHxS row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 1.19 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFHxS row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 25.80 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFHxS row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Cereal grains | 0.04 | ng/g w.w. | Rice, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Rice row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Cereal grains | 0.07 | ng/g w.w. | Flour, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Flour row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Meat and poultry | 0.07 | ng/g w.w. | Pork, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Pork row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Meat and poultry | 0.12 | ng/g w.w. | Beef, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Beef row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Meat and poultry | 0.11 | ng/g w.w. | Chicken, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Chicken row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Meat and poultry | 0.73 | ng/g w.w. | Liver, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Liver row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.08 | ng/g w.w. | Salmon, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Salmon row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.08 | ng/g w.w. | Oyster, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Oyster row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.20 | ng/g w.w. | Shrimp, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Shrimp row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.17 | ng/g w.w. | Clam, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Clam row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.26 | ng/g w.w. | Squid, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Squid row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.07 | ng/g w.w. | Grass Carp, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Grass Carp row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Eggs | 0.06 | ng/g w.w. | Egg, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Egg row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Liquid milk, cow | 0.01 | ng/mL | Milk, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Milk row, PFHxS row, PFHxS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Bottled drinking water (purified, spring, artesian) | <LOQ | ng/L | bottled-water mean as printed; non-detect mean retained literally | PDF p. 8, Table 1, Bottled Water Mean | Unregulated and Regulated PFASs in Bottled and Tap Water: Occurrence, Co-Occurrence Patterns, and Implications for Human Health and Regulatory Frameworks |
| Breast milk | <LOD | ng/mL | Human milk, New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (N = 426); median [IQR] | PDF p.4, Table 2, PFHxS row, milk median (IQR) column | Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Paired Maternal Plasma and Human Milk in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort |
| Breast milk | 32 (7.5) | ng/mL | Human milk, New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (N = 426); samples at or above LOD, N (%) | PDF p.4, Table 2, PFHxS row, milk N (% >= LOD) column | Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Paired Maternal Plasma and Human Milk in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort |
| Liquid milk, cow | N.D. | pg g−1 | Raw cow milk fraction Skimmed; mean ± SD | PDF p.6 Table 2 | First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction |
| Liquid milk, cow | 1.74 ± 4.90 | pg g−1 | Raw cow milk fraction Cream; mean ± SD | PDF p.6 Table 2 | First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction |
| Liquid milk, cow | N.D. | pg g−1 | Raw cow milk fraction Whole Milk; mean ± SD | PDF p.6 Table 2 | First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction |
| Tap drinking water | 0.40 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D1 | PDF p3, Table 1, D1 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.43 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D2 | PDF p3, Table 1, D2 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.39 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D3 | PDF p3, Table 1, D3 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.12 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D4 | PDF p3, Table 1, D4 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.08 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D5 | PDF p3, Table 1, D5 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.02 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D6 | PDF p3, Table 1, D6 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.51 (0.23, 1.43) | ng/L | median (IQR), detected archived tap-water samples only | PDF p3, Table 2, nPFHxS | Tap Water Contributions to Plasma Concentrations of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in a Nationwide Prospective Cohort of U.S. Women |
| Tap drinking water | 0.44 (0.18, 0.99) | ng/L | median (IQR), detected archived tap-water samples only | PDF p3, Table 2, brPFHxS | Tap Water Contributions to Plasma Concentrations of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in a Nationwide Prospective Cohort of U.S. Women |
| Tap drinking water | 8.69 | ng/L | median in treated water; source uses zero for ND in statistical analysis | PDF p5, section 3.1 | Organophosphate Flame Retardants and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Drinking Water Treatment Plants from Korea: Occurrence and Human Exposure |
| Tap drinking water | <LOQ | ng/L | unfiltered tap water; median [min, max] among quantifiable results or printed <LOQ | PDF p3, Table 2, unfiltered tap-water column | Concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in paired tap water and blood samples during pregnancy |
| Tap drinking water | 244.3 | ng/L | drinking-water site P6, targeted quantified concentration | PDF p8, section 3.1 Quantitative Study | Non-Targeted PFAS Suspect Screening and Quantification of Drinking Water Samples Collected through Community Engaged Research in North Carolina’s Cape Fear River Basin |
| Tap drinking water | 0.2-3.5 | ng/L | drinking-water application samples; content range or single reported value | PDF p12, Table 5, Drinking water Content column | Determination of 51 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in raw water and drinking water by online solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| Breast milk | 0.489 (1.78) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Africa; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Africa (N = 27) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 0 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Africa; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Africa (N = 27) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 7.56] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Africa; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Africa (N = 27) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 6.90 (26.1) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Asia; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Asia (N = 18) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 0 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Asia; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Asia (N = 18) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 111] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Asia; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Asia (N = 18) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 2.37 (4.54) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, CEE; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, CEE (N = 12) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 0 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, CEE; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, CEE (N = 12) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 12.9] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, CEE; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, CEE (N = 12) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 2.61 (7.75) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, GRULAC; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, GRULAC (N = 21) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 0 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, GRULAC; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, GRULAC (N = 21) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 34.8] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, GRULAC; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, GRULAC (N = 21) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 4.28 (6.53) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, WEOG; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, WEOG (N = 8) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 0 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, WEOG; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, WEOG (N = 8) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 17.4] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, WEOG; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, WEOG (N = 8) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 2.96 (12.8) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Overall; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Overall (N = 86) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 0 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Overall; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Overall (N = 86) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 111] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Overall; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Overall (N = 86) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Eggs | 0.4 | ng/g | Homogenized egg yolk; group A pool 3 | PDF p.3 Table 3; limits p.2 | Preliminary monitoring of the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in Italian eggs from different breeding systems |
| Eggs | traces | ng/g | Homogenized egg yolk; group A pool 2 | PDF p.3 Table 3; limits p.2 | Preliminary monitoring of the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in Italian eggs from different breeding systems |
| Liquid milk, cow | approximately 2 and 8 | pg/g ww | Farm tank cow milk; estimated range below MDL | PDF p.5 Results, left column | Occurrence of PFAS in Cow’s Milk: A Comparative Study of Swedish Farms near Contaminated Sites and Regional Dairy Production Facilities |
| Liquid milk, cow | < MDL | pg/g | Regional dairy production facility silo milk | PDF p.1 Abstract; p.6 Dairy Production Facilities Samples | Occurrence of PFAS in Cow’s Milk: A Comparative Study of Swedish Farms near Contaminated Sites and Regional Dairy Production Facilities |
| Breast milk | <LOQ-9.7 | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); range | PDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFHxS row, follow-up range column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Breast milk | <LOQ | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); median | PDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFHxS row, follow-up median column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Breast milk | 6.0 | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); 95th percentile | PDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFHxS row, follow-up P95 column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Carpet cleaners | 0 | % | German consumer products, Cleaner samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detected | PDF p.7, Table 3, PFHxS row, Cleaner column | Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | 0 | % | German consumer products, Outdoor samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detected | PDF p.7, Table 3, PFHxS row, Outdoor column | Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products |
| Carpet cleaners | 0 | % | German consumer products, Carpet samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detected | PDF p.7, Table 3, PFHxS row, Carpet column | Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products |
| Breast milk | 0.1121 | ng/mL | Human milk, e-waste dismantling area, China (n = 150); maximum | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, Max column | Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per‐ and Poly‐Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples |
| Breast milk | <LOD | ng/mL | Human milk, e-waste dismantling area, China (n = 150); median | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, Median column | Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per‐ and Poly‐Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples |
| Breast milk | 0.027 | ng/mL | Human milk, e-waste dismantling area, China (n = 150); mean | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, Mean column | Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per‐ and Poly‐Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples |
| Breast milk | 2.0 | ng/mL | Human milk, e-waste dismantling area, China (n = 150); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, Detection frequencies column | Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per‐ and Poly‐Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples |
| Seafood | 10% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Fish and seafood (n = 93 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Fish and seafood block, PFHxS row, Fish and seafood Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Seafood | 0.01 ± 0.07 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Fish and seafood (n = 93 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Fish and seafood block, PFHxS row, Fish and seafood Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Condiments (hot sauce, soy sauce, mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise, salsa) | 0% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Sauces and condiments (n = 18 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Sauces and condiments block, PFHxS row, Sauces and condiments Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Condiments (hot sauce, soy sauce, mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise, salsa) | 0.00 ± 0.00 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Sauces and condiments (n = 18 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Sauces and condiments block, PFHxS row, Sauces and condiments Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Eggs | 0% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Eggs and egg products (n = 14 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Eggs and egg products block, PFHxS row, Eggs and egg products Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Eggs | 0.00 ± 0.00 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Eggs and egg products (n = 14 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Eggs and egg products block, PFHxS row, Eggs and egg products Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Meat and poultry | 0% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFHxS row, Meat and meat products Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Meat and poultry | 0.00 ± 0.00 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFHxS row, Meat and meat products Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Liquid milk, cow | <LOQ | µg/kg | Cow milk; source table mean | PDF p.5 Tables 1 to 2 | Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in cow’s, goat’s and sheep’s milk - dietary intake and risk assessment |
| Eggs | <LOQ | µg/kg | Chickens eggs; source table mean | PDF p.4 Tables 2 to 3; LOQs p.3 Table 1 | Chickens’ eggs and the livers of farm animals as sources of perfluoroalkyl substances |
| Children's products | 6 | µg/m² | Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, DF (%) column | Stuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment |
| Children's products | 0.28 | µg/m² | Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); mean migration (as reported) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Mean [μg/m²] column | Stuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment |
| Children's products | <LOQ - 0.28 | µg/m² | Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); range of migration | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Range [μg/m²] column | Stuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment |
| Breast milk | <LOD - 167 | ng/L | Canadian human milk (MIREC, n = 664); range | PDF p.5, Table 3, PFHxS row, Range column | Perfluorinated alkyl substances in Canadian human milk as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study |
| Breast milk | 13.0 | ng/L | Canadian human milk (MIREC, n = 664); mean of results above LOD | PDF p.5, Table 3, PFHxS row, Mean, >LOD only column | Perfluorinated alkyl substances in Canadian human milk as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study |
| Breast milk | 9.30 | ng/L | Canadian human milk (MIREC, n = 664); median of results above LOD | PDF p.5, Table 3, PFHxS row, Median, >LOD only column | Perfluorinated alkyl substances in Canadian human milk as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study |
| Breast milk | 62.5 | % | Canadian human milk (MIREC, n = 664); detection frequency | PDF p.5, Table 3, PFHxS row, Detection frequency column | Perfluorinated alkyl substances in Canadian human milk as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study |
| Period underwear and reusable menstrual garments | 10.5% | ng/g | Reusable feminine hygiene products, US (N = 19); detection frequency | PDF p.3, Table 1, PFHxS row, DF column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Reusable Feminine Hygiene Products |
| Period underwear and reusable menstrual garments | ND−1.40 | ng/g | Reusable feminine hygiene products, US (N = 19); range | PDF p.3, Table 1, PFHxS row, Range (ng/g) column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Reusable Feminine Hygiene Products |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | 20.0 | ng/g | Children's products, China, School uniform (n = 25); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, School uniform DF column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | ND-0.258 | ng/g | Children's products, China, School uniform (n = 25); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, School uniform Range column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | 50.0 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Outdoor wear DF column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | 0.0915 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); median (non-detects set to 1/2 MDL) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Outdoor wear Median column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | ND-1.33 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Outdoor wear Range column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Children's products | 43.8 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Miscellaneous (n = 16); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Miscellaneous DF column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Children's products | ND-0.260 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Miscellaneous (n = 16); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFHxS row, Miscellaneous Range column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Breast milk | 94.9 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); detection rate (%) | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, DR (%) column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |
| Breast milk | <LOQ | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); minimum | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, Min column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |
| Breast milk | 7.286 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); median | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, 50th column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |
| Breast milk | 54.93 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); 95th percentile | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, 95th column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |
| Breast milk | 533.8 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); maximum | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFHxS row, Max column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |