| Seafood | 13.2 (10.1) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Charleston Harbor (n = 15); mean (SD) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Charleston Harbor row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 10.9 (2.99, 43.8) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Charleston Harbor (n = 15); median (range) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Charleston Harbor row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 15.3 (11.3) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Cooper River (n = 11); mean (SD) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Cooper River row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 14.3 (2.53, 41.5) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Cooper River (n = 11); median (range) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Cooper River row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 18.6 (15.2) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Ashley River (n = 13); mean (SD) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Ashley River row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 14.7 (7.83, 66.3) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Ashley River (n = 13); median (range) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Ashley River row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 6.23 (3.88) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Mullet (n = 9); mean (SD) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Mullet row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 4.77 (2.53, 13.7) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Mullet (n = 9); median (range) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Mullet row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 19.8 (11.5) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Spot (n = 7); mean (SD) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Spot row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 16.7 (9.46, 43.8) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Spot (n = 7); median (range) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Spot row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 13.7 (2.68) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Croaker (n = 5); mean (SD) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Croaker row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 14.8 (9.37, 16.3) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Croaker (n = 5); median (range) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Croaker row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 17.6 (10.8) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Red Drum (n = 9); mean (SD) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Red Drum row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 16.5 (6.41, 41.5) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Red Drum (n = 9); median (range) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Red Drum row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 20.7 (18.0) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Seatrout (n = 9); mean (SD) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Seatrout row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Seafood | 13.2 (9.25, 66.3) | ng/g wet weight | Whole fish, Charleston SC estuary, Seatrout (n = 9); median (range) | PDF p.26, Table 2A, Seatrout row, PFOS row, PFOS column | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in edible fish species from Charleston Harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: Exposure and risk assessment |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 100% | µg/kg f.w. | Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; detection frequency | PDF p.9, Table 5, PFOS row, Perch Detection Frequency column | PFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 3.4 | µg/kg f.w. | Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; mean | PDF p.9, Table 5, PFOS row, Perch Mean column | PFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 18 | µg/kg f.w. | Perch, Finnish rivers and coastal sites (n = 48), fresh weight; maximum | PDF p.9, Table 5, PFOS row, Perch Max column | PFASs in Finnish Rivers and Fish and the Loading of PFASs to the Baltic Sea |
| Seafood | 1.29 ± 0.15 | ng/g | Fish cake, untreated control, Korea; mean ± SD | PDF p.5, Table 2, PFOS row, Control column | Reduction of perfluorinated compound content in fish cake and swimming crab by different cooking methods |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.092 | ng/g w/w | Bighead carp, West and Yen So Lake, Hanoi, 2016 (n = 6); mean | PDF p.4, Table 1, Bighead carp row (this study), PFOS row, PFOS column | Assessment of contamination levels and exposure risk of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFOS and PFOA) in Vietnamese fish |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.27 | ng/g w/w | Common carp, West and Yen So Lake, Hanoi, 2016 (n = 6); mean | PDF p.4, Table 1, Common carp row (this study), PFOS row, PFOS column | Assessment of contamination levels and exposure risk of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFOS and PFOA) in Vietnamese fish |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.079 | ng/g w/w | Rohu, West and Yen So Lake, Hanoi, 2016 (n = 6); mean | PDF p.4, Table 1, Rohu row (this study), PFOS row, PFOS column | Assessment of contamination levels and exposure risk of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFOS and PFOA) in Vietnamese fish |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.040 | ng/g w/w | Tilapia, West and Yen So Lake, Hanoi, 2016 (n = 6); mean | PDF p.4, Table 1, Tilapia row (this study), PFOS row, PFOS column | Assessment of contamination levels and exposure risk of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFOS and PFOA) in Vietnamese fish |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 3.93 | ng/g | Stated in source text: "... was found in samples obtained from Krape Park located in Freeport, followed by PFOS with a maximum concentration per fish of 3.93 ng/g found in samples from the Fordham Dam l..." | PDF p.8, sentence beginning "The maximum average concentration per fish of" | PFAS assessment in fish - Samples from Illinois waters |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 20.12 (0.69-109.90) | µg/kg | Coregonus wartmanni fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 20); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Coregonus wartmanni Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 100% | µg/kg | Coregonus wartmanni fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 20); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Coregonus wartmanni F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 3.58 (0.10-6.77) | µg/kg | Cyprinus carpio fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Cyprinus carpio Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 64% | µg/kg | Cyprinus carpio fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Cyprinus carpio F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 4.56 (0.13-19.40) | µg/kg | Oncorhynchus mykiss fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Oncorhynchus mykiss Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 100% | µg/kg | Oncorhynchus mykiss fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 11); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Oncorhynchus mykiss F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 19.17 (0.01-41.50) | µg/kg | Perca fluviatilis fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 38); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Perca fluviatilis Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 71% | µg/kg | Perca fluviatilis fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 38); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Perca fluviatilis F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 6.40 (1.16-21.30) | µg/kg | Squalius cephalus fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 7); average (min-max) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Squalius cephalus Av (min-max) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 100% | µg/kg | Squalius cephalus fillets, Switzerland 2022-2024 (N = 7); frequency of positives above LOQ | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Squalius cephalus F (%) column | Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six different fish species from Swiss lakes |
| Seafood | 19 | ng/g ww | Sport fish, San Francisco Bay, 2009 (n = 21); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS row, 2009 detection frequency column | Spatial Trends and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in San Francisco Bay Fish from 2009 to 2019 |
| Seafood | 5.6-18 | ng/g ww | Sport fish, San Francisco Bay, 2009 (n = 21); range of detected concentrations | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS row, 2009 range of detected PFOS column | Spatial Trends and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in San Francisco Bay Fish from 2009 to 2019 |
| Seafood | 100 | ng/g ww | Sport fish, San Francisco Bay, 2009/2022 reanalysis (n = 7); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS row, 2009/2022 reanalysis detection frequency column | Spatial Trends and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in San Francisco Bay Fish from 2009 to 2019 |
| Seafood | 2.8-8.5 | ng/g ww | Sport fish, San Francisco Bay, 2009/2022 reanalysis (n = 7); range of detected concentrations | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS row, 2009/2022 reanalysis range of detected PFOS column | Spatial Trends and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in San Francisco Bay Fish from 2009 to 2019 |
| Seafood | 94 | ng/g ww | Sport fish, San Francisco Bay, 2014 (n = 36); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS row, 2014 detection frequency column | Spatial Trends and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in San Francisco Bay Fish from 2009 to 2019 |
| Seafood | 0.9-17 | ng/g ww | Sport fish, San Francisco Bay, 2014 (n = 36); range of detected concentrations | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS row, 2014 range of detected PFOS column | Spatial Trends and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in San Francisco Bay Fish from 2009 to 2019 |
| Seafood | 91 | ng/g ww | Sport fish, San Francisco Bay, 2019 (n = 33); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS row, 2019 detection frequency column | Spatial Trends and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in San Francisco Bay Fish from 2009 to 2019 |
| Seafood | 0.59-10 | ng/g ww | Sport fish, San Francisco Bay, 2019 (n = 33); range of detected concentrations | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS row, 2019 range of detected PFOS column | Spatial Trends and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in San Francisco Bay Fish from 2009 to 2019 |
| Eggs | 2.872 | μg/kg wet weight | Backyard chicken eggs; Mean | PDF p.9 Table 2; censoring p.5 | Citizen-science data reveal drivers of PFAS variability in backyard chicken eggs |
| Eggs | 0.1819 | μg/kg wet weight | Backyard chicken eggs; SE | PDF p.9 Table 2; censoring p.5 | Citizen-science data reveal drivers of PFAS variability in backyard chicken eggs |
| Eggs | 1.600 | μg/kg wet weight | Backyard chicken eggs; Median | PDF p.9 Table 2; censoring p.5 | Citizen-science data reveal drivers of PFAS variability in backyard chicken eggs |
| Breast milk | < LLOQ | ng/L | Breast milk, Riyadh (n = 25); mean | PDF p.6, Table 4, PFOS row, Mean column | Perfluoroalkyl compound levels in breast milk of mothers in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |
| Breast milk | < LLOQ | ng/L | Breast milk, Riyadh (n = 25); median | PDF p.6, Table 4, PFOS row, Median column | Perfluoroalkyl compound levels in breast milk of mothers in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |
| Breast milk | 85.2 | ng/L | Breast milk, Riyadh (n = 25); maximum | PDF p.6, Table 4, PFOS row, Max column | Perfluoroalkyl compound levels in breast milk of mothers in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |
| Breast milk | 65 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Shanghai (n = 10); average | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFOS row, Shanghai Conc. column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 16-177 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Shanghai (n = 10); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFOS row, Shanghai range in parentheses column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 119 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Jiaxing (n = 10); average | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFOS row, Jiaxing Conc. column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 21-321 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Jiaxing (n = 10); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFOS row, Jiaxing range in parentheses column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 77 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Shaoxing (n = 10); average | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFOS row, Shaoxing Conc. column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 7-308 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Shaoxing (n = 10); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFOS row, Shaoxing range in parentheses column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 39 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Stockholm (n = 10); average | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFOS row, Stockholm Conc. column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Breast milk | 23-58 | pg/mL | Mother's milk, Stockholm (n = 10); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, L-PFOS row, Stockholm range in parentheses column | Emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in human milk from Sweden and China |
| Liquid milk, cow | Traces | µg/kg | Cow bulk milk; farm F12 | PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10 | Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria |
| Liquid milk, cow | Traces | µg/kg | Cow bulk milk; farm F13 | PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10 | Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria |
| Liquid milk, cow | ND | µg/kg | Cow bulk milk; farm F15 | PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10 | Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria |
| Liquid milk, cow | Traces | µg/kg | Cow bulk milk; farm F19 | PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10 | Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria |
| Liquid milk, cow | Traces | µg/kg | Cow bulk milk; farm F20 | PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10 | Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria |
| Liquid milk, cow | ND | µg/kg | Cow bulk milk; farm F27 | PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10 | Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria |
| Liquid milk, cow | ND | µg/kg | Cow bulk milk; farm F36 | PDF p.11 Table 4; limits p.10 | Preliminary Assessment of Co-Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Bovine and Goat Milk in Algeria |
| Eggs | 1.11 ± 3.06 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group A1; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.99 ± 3.79 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group A2; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.38 ± 0.77 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group A3; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.85 ± 0.80 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group B1; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.34 ± 0.39 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group B2; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.34 ± 0.41 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group B3; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | 0.0021 ± 0.0065 | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group C1; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Eggs | nd | ng/g wet weight | Eggs; group C2/C3; mean ± SD if numeric | PDF p.8 Table 1 | Home-Produced Eggs as Indicators of PFAS Contamination in Food Following a Fire at a Plastic Recycling Plant |
| Infant Formula | 12 (0.6) | ng/L | Laboratory 20% w/v infant formula solution; mean (SD) | PDF p.7 Table 3; preparation pp.3 to 4 | Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in powdered infant formula: potential exposures and health risks |
| Infant Formula | 0.054 (0.003) | ng/g | Infant formula powder; source-calculated dry-weight mean (SD) | PDF p.7 Table 3; calculation p.4 | Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in powdered infant formula: potential exposures and health risks |
| Infant Formula | 8.9 | ng/L | Formula reconstituted according to label; source-calculated concentration | PDF p.7 Table 3; calculation p.4 | Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in powdered infant formula: potential exposures and health risks |
| Meat and poultry | 1.55 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOS row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 0.73 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOS row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 17.9 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar meat, Germany (n = 152); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar meat block, PFOS row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 366.95 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); mean | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOS row, Mean column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 299.75 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); median | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOS row, Median column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Meat and poultry | 1437.70 | µg/kg fresh weight | Wild boar liver, Germany (n = 114); maximum | PDF p.4, Table 2, Wild boar liver block, PFOS row, Max column | An assessment of PFAS contamination in wild boar meat and liver |
| Cereal grains | 0.23 | ng/g w.w. | Rice, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Rice row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Cereal grains | 0.34 | ng/g w.w. | Flour, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Flour row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Meat and poultry | 0.28 | ng/g w.w. | Pork, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Pork row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Meat and poultry | 0.11 | ng/g w.w. | Beef, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Beef row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Meat and poultry | 0.16 | ng/g w.w. | Chicken, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Chicken row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Meat and poultry | 5.65 | ng/g w.w. | Liver, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Liver row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.29 | ng/g w.w. | Salmon, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Salmon row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.38 | ng/g w.w. | Oyster, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Oyster row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.12 | ng/g w.w. | Shrimp, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Shrimp row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 0.06 | ng/g w.w. | Clam, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Clam row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Seafood | 1.06 | ng/g w.w. | Squid, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Squid row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Fish, freshwater (tilapia, catfish, trout) | 0.52 | ng/g w.w. | Grass Carp, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Grass Carp row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Eggs | 0.29 | ng/g w.w. | Egg, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Egg row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Liquid milk, cow | <14.9 | ng/mL | Milk, Taiwan market samples (n = 10); median | PDF p.5, Table 3, Milk row, PFOS row, PFOS median column | Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in foods and the dietary exposure among Taiwan general population and pregnant women |
| Bottled drinking water (purified, spring, artesian) | 0.09 | ng/L | bottled-water mean as printed; non-detect mean retained literally | PDF p. 8, Table 1, Bottled Water Mean | Unregulated and Regulated PFASs in Bottled and Tap Water: Occurrence, Co-Occurrence Patterns, and Implications for Human Health and Regulatory Frameworks |
| Breast milk | 0.024 [0.016, 0.036] | ng/mL | Human milk, New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (N = 426); median [IQR] | PDF p.4, Table 2, PFOS row, milk median (IQR) column | Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Paired Maternal Plasma and Human Milk in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort |
| Breast milk | 392 (92.0) | ng/mL | Human milk, New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (N = 426); samples at or above LOD, N (%) | PDF p.4, Table 2, PFOS row, milk N (% >= LOD) column | Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Paired Maternal Plasma and Human Milk in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort |
| Breast milk | 0.03 (0.02) | ng/mL | Human milk, New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study, all participants (N = 425); overlaps the Criswell 2022 cohort; mean (SD) | PDF p.4, Table 1, PFOS in human milk row, overall (N = 425) column | Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with human milk metabolomic profiles in a rural North American cohort |
| Meat and poultry | 0.044-0.150 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; concentration range | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOS row, Concentration range column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| Meat and poultry | 0.104 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; mean | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOS row, Mean column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| Meat and poultry | 0.115 | µg/kg | Pig liver, Italy; median | PDF p.3, Table 1, Liver block, PFOS row, Median column | Distribution of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in pig liver and muscle: implications for food safety |
| Liquid milk, cow | 8.53 ± 22.50 | pg g−1 | Raw cow milk fraction Skimmed; mean ± SD | PDF p.6 Table 2 | First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction |
| Liquid milk, cow | 148.30 ± 152.30 | pg g−1 | Raw cow milk fraction Cream; mean ± SD | PDF p.6 Table 2 | First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction |
| Liquid milk, cow | 21.64 ± 56.50 | pg g−1 | Raw cow milk fraction Whole Milk; mean ± SD | PDF p.6 Table 2 | First Investigation of the Physiological Distribution of Legacy and Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Raw Bovine Milk According to the Component Fraction |
| Tap drinking water | 1800 | ng/L | maximum in reused public-supply monitoring data | PDF p3, Results and Discussion, paragraph beginning Six million | Detection of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in U.S. Drinking Water Linked to Industrial Sites, Military Fire Training Areas, and Wastewater Treatment Plants |
| Tap drinking water | 0.40 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D1 | PDF p3, Table 1, D1 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.41 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D2 | PDF p3, Table 1, D2 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.31 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D3 | PDF p3, Table 1, D3 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.054 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D4 | PDF p3, Table 1, D4 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.080 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D5 | PDF p3, Table 1, D5 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | <0.03 | ng/L | drinking-water sample D6 | PDF p3, Table 1, D6 row | Presence of Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in River and Drinking Water near a Fluorochemical Production Plant in the Netherlands |
| Tap drinking water | 0.69 (0.29, 1.80) | ng/L | median (IQR), detected archived tap-water samples only | PDF p3, Table 2, nPFOS | Tap Water Contributions to Plasma Concentrations of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in a Nationwide Prospective Cohort of U.S. Women |
| Tap drinking water | 0.94 (0.51, 2.04) | ng/L | median (IQR), detected archived tap-water samples only | PDF p3, Table 2, brPFOS | Tap Water Contributions to Plasma Concentrations of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in a Nationwide Prospective Cohort of U.S. Women |
| Tap drinking water | 13.0 [10.0, 28.0] | ng/L | unfiltered tap water; median [min, max] among quantifiable results or printed <LOQ | PDF p3, Table 2, unfiltered tap-water column | Concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in paired tap water and blood samples during pregnancy |
| Tap drinking water | 12.0 [11.0, 21.0] | ng/L | activated-carbon filtered tap water; median [min, max] among quantifiable results or printed <LOQ | PDF p3, Table 2, filtered tap water with AC | Concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in paired tap water and blood samples during pregnancy |
| Tap drinking water | 0.75 [0.03, 2.22] | ng/L | surface-water-derived produced drinking water; median [min, max], including source censoring treatment | PDF p5, Table 2, surface-water-derived drinking-water column | Occurrence, Fate, and Related Health Risks of PFAS in Raw and Produced Drinking Water |
| Tap drinking water | 0.06 [0.01, 0.17] | ng/L | groundwater-derived produced drinking water; median [min, max], including source censoring treatment | PDF p5, Table 2, groundwater-derived drinking-water column | Occurrence, Fate, and Related Health Risks of PFAS in Raw and Produced Drinking Water |
| Tap drinking water | 0.96 | ng/L | median in residential tap water | PDF p10, section 3.1, paragraph beginning The chemicals with the highest median | Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in paired tap water and house dust from United States homes |
| Tap drinking water | 9.4-17.8 | ng/L | range among detections in household tap-water samples | PDF p17, Table 2; p10 Results | Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Drinking Water in Southeast Los Angeles: Industrial Legacy and Environmental Justice |
| Tap drinking water | 205.3 | ng/L | drinking-water site P6, targeted quantified concentration | PDF p8, section 3.1 Quantitative Study | Non-Targeted PFAS Suspect Screening and Quantification of Drinking Water Samples Collected through Community Engaged Research in North Carolina’s Cape Fear River Basin |
| Tap drinking water | 0.3-2.4 | ng/L | drinking-water application samples; content range or single reported value | PDF p12, Table 5, Drinking water Content column | Determination of 51 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in raw water and drinking water by online solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| Tap drinking water | 0.06-0.82 | ng/L | reported detected concentration range; source method has panel LOQ range | PDF p4, section 3.1 | Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) in tap water in the southern key economic region |
| Tap drinking water | 0.0008 | µg/L | annual average drinking-water concentration, 2018 | PDF p10, section 3.1 | Nationwide Monitoring and Hepatic Mixture Risk Assessment of PFASs in Korean Drinking Water Using Relative Potency Factors |
| Tap drinking water | 0.0003 | µg/L | annual average drinking-water concentration, 2024 | PDF p10, section 3.1 | Nationwide Monitoring and Hepatic Mixture Risk Assessment of PFASs in Korean Drinking Water Using Relative Potency Factors |
| Tap drinking water | 254 | ng/L | one of three high household results at first sampling visit; source lists values in this order, not a household identifier | PDF p4, Results, paragraph beginning Given the concern | Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Tap Water Following an Accidental Release of Fire-Fighting Foam into the Drinking Water System in McKeesport, Pennsylvania, USA |
| Tap drinking water | 153 | ng/L | one of three high household results at first sampling visit; source lists values in this order, not a household identifier | PDF p4, Results, paragraph beginning Given the concern | Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Tap Water Following an Accidental Release of Fire-Fighting Foam into the Drinking Water System in McKeesport, Pennsylvania, USA |
| Tap drinking water | 16.8 | ng/L | one of three high household results at first sampling visit; source lists values in this order, not a household identifier | PDF p4, Results, paragraph beginning Given the concern | Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Tap Water Following an Accidental Release of Fire-Fighting Foam into the Drinking Water System in McKeesport, Pennsylvania, USA |
| Paperboard cartons | below their respective LOQs | µg/kg | Migration into all four simulants under standardized conditions | PDF p.7, section 2.3.2 and Figure 3 caption | Migration Safety of Perfluoroalkyl Substances from Sugarcane Pulp Tableware: Residue Analysis and Takeout Simulation Study |
| Paperboard cartons | N.D. | ng/dm² | All sampled packaging; Table 3 footnote says undetectable | PDF p.11, Table 3 footnotes | Determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in food packaging in Taiwan using ultrasonic extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry |
| Breast milk | 15.8 (10.7) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Africa; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Africa (N = 27) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 13.6 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Africa; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Africa (N = 27) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 44.6] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Africa; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Africa (N = 27) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 27.7 (46.7) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Asia; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Asia (N = 18) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 16.2 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Asia; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Asia (N = 18) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 212] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Asia; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Asia (N = 18) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 36.4 (22.1) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, CEE; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, CEE (N = 12) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 32.6 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, CEE; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, CEE (N = 12) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [12.2, 83.3] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, CEE; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, CEE (N = 12) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 24.3 (18.3) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, GRULAC; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, GRULAC (N = 21) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 18.4 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, GRULAC; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, GRULAC (N = 21) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 65.3] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, GRULAC; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, GRULAC (N = 21) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 27.9 (13.5) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, WEOG; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, WEOG (N = 8) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 24.3 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, WEOG; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, WEOG (N = 8) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [13.5, 51.4] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, WEOG; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, WEOG (N = 8) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 24.4 (26.0) | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Overall; mean (SD), lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Overall (N = 86) Mean (SD) column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | 18.9 | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Overall; median, lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Overall (N = 86) Median column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Breast milk | [0, 212] | pg/g fresh weight | Human milk national pools, WHO/UNEP surveys, Overall; [min, max], lower bound | PDF p.5, Table 1, ΣPFOS row, Overall (N = 86) [Min, Max] column | Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008-2019) |
| Eggs | 0.4 | ng/g | Homogenized egg yolk; group A pool 1 | PDF p.3 Table 3; limits p.2 | Preliminary monitoring of the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in Italian eggs from different breeding systems |
| Liquid milk, cow | < MDL | pg/g | Regional dairy production facility silo milk | PDF p.1 Abstract; p.6 Dairy Production Facilities Samples | Occurrence of PFAS in Cow’s Milk: A Comparative Study of Swedish Farms near Contaminated Sites and Regional Dairy Production Facilities |
| Breast milk | 58-310 | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, pilot study 2013 (n = 21); range | PDF p.11, Table 3, pilot study block, PFOS row, pilot range column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Breast milk | 110 | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, pilot study 2013 (n = 21); median | PDF p.11, Table 3, pilot study block, PFOS row, pilot median column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Breast milk | 300 | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, pilot study 2013 (n = 21); 95th percentile | PDF p.11, Table 3, pilot study block, PFOS row, pilot P95 column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Breast milk | n.d.-55 | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); range | PDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFOS row, follow-up range column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Breast milk | 12 | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); median | PDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFOS row, follow-up median column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Breast milk | 39 | ng/L | Breast milk, Austria, follow-up study 2014-2016 (n = 40); 95th percentile | PDF p.11, Table 3, follow-up study block, PFOS row, follow-up P95 column | Persistent Organic Pollutants in Austrian Human Breast Milk Collected between 2013 and 2016 |
| Breast milk | 126.70 (63.07) | ng/L | Breast milk at 1 month post-partum, Norway (N = 230); mean (SD) | PDF p.3, Table 1, PFAS class, PFOS row, Mean (SD) column | Environmental toxicants in breast milk of Norwegian mothers and gut bacteria composition and metabolites in their infants at 1 month |
| Breast milk | 22.99 | ng/L | Breast milk at 1 month post-partum, Norway (N = 230); minimum | PDF p.3, Table 1, PFAS class, PFOS row, Min column | Environmental toxicants in breast milk of Norwegian mothers and gut bacteria composition and metabolites in their infants at 1 month |
| Breast milk | 116.73 | ng/L | Breast milk at 1 month post-partum, Norway (N = 230); median | PDF p.3, Table 1, PFAS class, PFOS row, p50 column | Environmental toxicants in breast milk of Norwegian mothers and gut bacteria composition and metabolites in their infants at 1 month |
| Breast milk | 370.63 | ng/L | Breast milk at 1 month post-partum, Norway (N = 230); maximum | PDF p.3, Table 1, PFAS class, PFOS row, Max column | Environmental toxicants in breast milk of Norwegian mothers and gut bacteria composition and metabolites in their infants at 1 month |
| Carpet cleaners | 10 | % | German consumer products, Cleaner samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detected | PDF p.7, Table 3, PFOS row, Cleaner column | Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | 100 | % | German consumer products, Outdoor samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detected | PDF p.7, Table 3, PFOS row, Outdoor column | Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products |
| Carpet cleaners | 90 | % | German consumer products, Carpet samples (percentage with detected PFAS); percentage of samples detected | PDF p.7, Table 3, PFOS row, Carpet column | Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in consumer products |
| Breast milk | 0.31 | ng/mL | Human milk, e-waste dismantling area, China (n = 150); maximum | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, Max column | Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per‐ and Poly‐Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples |
| Breast milk | <LOD | ng/mL | Human milk, e-waste dismantling area, China (n = 150); median | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, Median column | Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per‐ and Poly‐Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples |
| Breast milk | 0.05 | ng/mL | Human milk, e-waste dismantling area, China (n = 150); mean | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, Mean column | Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per‐ and Poly‐Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples |
| Breast milk | 30.7 | ng/mL | Human milk, e-waste dismantling area, China (n = 150); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, Detection frequencies column | Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Per‐ and Poly‐Fluoroalkyl Substances From Electronic Waste Disassembly Areas and Steroid Hormones in Human Milk Samples |
| Seafood | 51% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Fish and seafood (n = 93 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Fish and seafood block, PFOS row, Fish and seafood Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Seafood | 0.11 ± 0.28 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Fish and seafood (n = 93 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Fish and seafood block, PFOS row, Fish and seafood Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Condiments (hot sauce, soy sauce, mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise, salsa) | 5% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Sauces and condiments (n = 18 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Sauces and condiments block, PFOS row, Sauces and condiments Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Condiments (hot sauce, soy sauce, mustard, ketchup, mayonnaise, salsa) | 0.01 ± 0.05 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Sauces and condiments (n = 18 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Sauces and condiments block, PFOS row, Sauces and condiments Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Eggs | 20% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Eggs and egg products (n = 14 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Eggs and egg products block, PFOS row, Eggs and egg products Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Eggs | 0.00 ± 0.02 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Eggs and egg products (n = 14 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Eggs and egg products block, PFOS row, Eggs and egg products Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Meat and poultry | 4% | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); detection rate | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFOS row, Meat and meat products Detection column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Meat and poultry | 0.00 ± 0.02 | µg/kg | Singapore total diet study, Meat and meat products (n = 53 pooled samples); mean (lower bound) ± SD | PDF p.8, Table 4, Meat and meat products block, PFOS row, Meat and meat products Mean (LB) column | Occurrence and Dietary Exposure of PFAS in Singapore: Insights from a Total Diet Study |
| Liquid milk, cow | 0.0017 | µg/kg | Cow milk; source table mean | PDF p.5 Tables 1 to 2 | Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in cow’s, goat’s and sheep’s milk - dietary intake and risk assessment |
| Liquid milk, cow | 0.0014 | µg/kg | Cow milk; source table median | PDF p.5 Tables 1 to 2 | Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in cow’s, goat’s and sheep’s milk - dietary intake and risk assessment |
| Liquid milk, cow | <LOQ-0.0034 | µg/kg | Cow milk; source table range | PDF p.5 Tables 1 to 2 | Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in cow’s, goat’s and sheep’s milk - dietary intake and risk assessment |
| Eggs | 0.081 | µg/kg | Chickens eggs; source table mean | PDF p.4 Tables 2 to 3; LOQs p.3 Table 1 | Chickens’ eggs and the livers of farm animals as sources of perfluoroalkyl substances |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 1 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 2 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 3 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 4 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 5 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 6 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 7 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 8 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 9 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 10 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 11 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 12 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 13 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 14 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 15 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 16 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 17 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 18 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 19 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 20 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 21 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 22 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 23 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 24 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 25 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 26 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 27 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 28 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 29 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 30 | PDF p.9 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 31 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 32 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 33 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 34 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 35 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 36 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 37 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 39 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 40 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 41 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 43 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 44 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 45 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 46 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 47 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 48 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 49 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 50 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 51 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 52 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 53 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | <LOQ | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 54 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 55 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 56 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 57 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 58 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 59 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 60 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 61 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 62 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 63 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 64 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Eggs | n.d. | ng g−1 | Homogenized commercial egg; sample 65 | PDF p.10 Table 3; LOQ p.5 Table 2 | Incidence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Commercial Eggs and Their Impact on Consumer’s Safety |
| Children's products | 100 | µg/m² | Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, DF (%) column | Stuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment |
| Children's products | 0.25 | µg/m² | Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); mean migration (as reported) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Mean [μg/m²] column | Stuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment |
| Children's products | 0.07 - 0.79 | µg/m² | Stuffed toys, PFAS migration (not total content); range of migration | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Range [μg/m²] column | Stuffed toys as a source of oral PFAS exposure: Migration into artificial saliva and exposure assessment |
| Breast milk | <LOD - 142 | ng/L | Canadian human milk (MIREC, n = 664); range | PDF p.5, Table 3, L-PFOS row, Range column | Perfluorinated alkyl substances in Canadian human milk as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study |
| Breast milk | 35.7 | ng/L | Canadian human milk (MIREC, n = 664); mean of results above LOD | PDF p.5, Table 3, L-PFOS row, Mean, >LOD only column | Perfluorinated alkyl substances in Canadian human milk as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study |
| Breast milk | 30.2 | ng/L | Canadian human milk (MIREC, n = 664); median of results above LOD | PDF p.5, Table 3, L-PFOS row, Median, >LOD only column | Perfluorinated alkyl substances in Canadian human milk as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study |
| Breast milk | 95.9 | % | Canadian human milk (MIREC, n = 664); detection frequency | PDF p.5, Table 3, L-PFOS row, Detection frequency column | Perfluorinated alkyl substances in Canadian human milk as part of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study |
| Children's products | 1.6% (1/61) | % | Children's and bedding textile products, US (n = 61, targeted analysis); detection frequency (detected/analyzed) | PDF p.5, Table 3, PFOS row, targeted, number of detections column | How Well Do Product Labels Indicate the Presence of PFAS in Consumer Items Used by Children and Adolescents? |
| Children's products | 2.15 | ng/g | same; maximum | PDF p.5, Table 3, PFOS row, targeted, maximum concentration (ng/g) column | How Well Do Product Labels Indicate the Presence of PFAS in Consumer Items Used by Children and Adolescents? |
| Children's products | 0.051 | ng/cm2 | same; maximum | PDF p.5, Table 3, PFOS row, targeted, maximum concentration (ng/cm2) column | How Well Do Product Labels Indicate the Presence of PFAS in Consumer Items Used by Children and Adolescents? |
| Eggs | 0.64 | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 1 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 2 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | 0.50 | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 3 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 4 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | 1.01 | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 5 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | 0.53 | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 6 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 7 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 8 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | 0.52 | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 9 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 | ng g−1 ww | Home-produced chicken egg yolk; source 10 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Duck egg yolk; source 1 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Duck egg yolk; source 2 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Duck egg yolk; source 3 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Quail egg yolk; source 1 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | 0.69 | ng g−1 ww | Quail egg yolk; source 2 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Quail egg yolk; source 3 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Eggs | <0.50 a | ng g−1 ww | Quail egg yolk; source 4 | PDF p.7 Table 3 and footnote | Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Yolk of Poultry Eggs in Malaysia |
| Bottled drinking water (purified, spring, artesian) | 0.16 | ng/L | bottled-water mean based on detections above MDL; ND literal | PDF p. 4 (4398), Table 1 bottled-water mean and footnotes a/f | Tap vs Bottled: Assessing PFAS Levels and Exposure Risks in Singapore’s Drinking Water |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | 24.0 | ng/g | Children's products, China, School uniform (n = 25); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, School uniform DF column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | ND-0.225 | ng/g | Children's products, China, School uniform (n = 25); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, School uniform Range column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | 75.0 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Outdoor wear DF column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | 0.0719 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); median (non-detects set to 1/2 MDL) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Outdoor wear Median column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Textiles, apparel and outdoor gear | ND-0.308 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Outdoor wear (n = 16); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Outdoor wear Range column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Children's products | 43.8 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Miscellaneous (n = 16); detection frequency (%) | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Miscellaneous DF column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Children's products | ND-0.338 | ng/g | Children's products, China, Miscellaneous (n = 16); range | PDF p.5, Table 1, PFOS row, Miscellaneous Range column | Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms |
| Liquid milk, cow | <10.0-172.9 | ng/L | Retail milk; range | PDF p.6 Table 2; limits p.4 Table 1 | Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment |
| Liquid milk, cow | 24.5 | ng/L | Retail milk; mean | PDF p.6 Table 2; limits p.4 Table 1 | Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment |
| Liquid milk, cow | 39.6 | % | Retail milk; frequency above LOD | PDF p.6 Table 2; limits p.4 Table 1 | Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment |
| Liquid milk, cow | <10.0-25.1 | ng/L | Raw milk; range | PDF p.6 Table 2; limits p.4 Table 1 | Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment |
| Liquid milk, cow | 2.2 | ng/L | Raw milk; mean | PDF p.6 Table 2; limits p.4 Table 1 | Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment |
| Liquid milk, cow | 12.5 | % | Raw milk; frequency above LOD | PDF p.6 Table 2; limits p.4 Table 1 | Occurrence of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Milk and Yogurt and Their Risk Assessment |
| Breast milk | 100 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); detection rate (%) | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, DR (%) column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |
| Breast milk | 2.621 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); minimum | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, Min column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |
| Breast milk | 49.72 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); median | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, 50th column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |
| Breast milk | 257.4 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); 95th percentile | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, 95th column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |
| Breast milk | 2,503 | ng/L | Human milk, China (n = 1,151); maximum | PDF p.6, Table 2, PFOS row, Max column | Emerging and Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Breastfed Chinese Infants: Renal Clearance, Body Burden, and Implications |